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How To Simplify A Complex Scene Using Two Simple Techniques

Simplification

In order to emphasize the main idea in your painting, you need to simplify all the other areas. Often, what you take out of your painting is more important than what you leave in. Here are some examples.

Simplify the distance detail

simplify the focal point
Corsican Fishing Village, Propriano, by Barry John Raybould, 20x24in (50x60cm)

Often you will go too far in a painting and you will need to take out some of what you have already painted. Even though you may be reluctant to destroy sometimes hours of work, you must do it to make the painting work.

In the above painting “Corsican Fishing Village, Propriano”, I focused on the rhythm of the shapes of the boats and the houses climbing up the hill. The vague and tantalizing suggestions of detail in the distance contrast with the foreground detail and create an interesting focal area.

Simplify the values

Simplification

In this painting, the background detail was deliberately simplified and subdued in order not to distract from the main subject and to emphasize the tranquility and sense of space in the Venetian lagoon. I flattened the values in the background (making all the hues in the buildings and water the same value) so that the focus is on the Gondolier.

Simplification

In reality, there were a lot of buildings and details in the background. If I had painted all the architectural detail on the church, it would take away from the Gondolier who is the focus point of this painting.

Old master painting examples

L'Etoile Ou La Danseause Sur La Scene, by Edgar Degas
L’Etoile Ou La Danseause Sur La Scene, by Edgar DegasL’Etoile Ou La Danseause Sur La Scene, by Edgar Degas

Look how Degas has simplified the other objects on the stage that are in the background, in contrast to the detail of the main dancer.

Yellow Roses by Dan Sprick
Yellow Roses by Dan Sprick

In his still life painting, Sprick painted the background a single dark value. Even though you can discern that there are objects there, they do not distract from the focus on the roses.

To learn more about how to add impact to your paintings

To learn more about simplification, other useful techniques for improving the impact of your paintings such as contrast and exaggeration, and how to treat your focal areas for maximum effect, see the lessons on Focal Point in my Virtual Art Academy® Apprentice Program.

Thank You

Thank you for taking the time to read this article. I hope you find it useful. If you would like to get free painting tips by email, please sign up for my free tips newsletter.

If you are interested in a structured approach for learning how to paint, take a look at my online painting classes.

Happy painting!

Barry John Raybould
Virtual Art Academy

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